Hajj and Umrah

Preeminent pilgrimage in Islam, to Makkah, compulsory for Muslims in good health and with sufficient funds to make the journey. The length of the obligatory rituals with the hajj covers about 6 days, but which are the core rituals is a matter of definitions, and may be set as low as covering 3 days.

The hajj is the foremost of all Muslim rituals, even if less than 10% of all Muslims ever manage to complete it. In modern times about 2.5 million Muslims fulfill the hajj every year, and this number seems to be fairly close to the recorded maximum. Saudi authorities now regulate how many may come from each country, requiring pilgrims to file requests, many of which are declined.

A person performing, and having performed the hajj, is called hajji. Many hajjis add 'Hajj' or 'Hajji' to their name after returning from Makkah.

The following are not obliged to perform hajj: Those who are mentally ill, slaves, women without traveling companions (like close relative or husband) and people without the necessary funds.

Three Ways of Performing Hajj

There are three ways of performing the Hajj.

Hajj al - Tamattu'

Tamattu` means performing `Umrah during the Hajj season, and on the Day of Tarwiah a pilgrim gets into the state of Ihram for Hajj. Anyone intending to perform a Tamattu`` Hajj should on approaching the Miqat make intention for `Umrah. After fulfilling the Hajj rituals, one should offer a sacrificial animal

Hajj al - Qiran

In this type of Hajj, a pilgrim should declare his intention to perform both Hajj and `Umrah together. Only when he throws the Jamrah of Al-`Aqabah, gets his hair shaved or cut that he can put off his Ihram. However, he should offer a sacrificial anima

Hajj al - Ifrad

the Miqat, a pilgrim of Ifrad Hajj declares his intention for Hajj only. He maintains his Ihram up to the Day of Sacrifice. No offering is required from him.

Umrah

In Arabic the word `Umrah is derived from I`timar which means a visit. However, `Umrah technically means paying a visit to Ka`bah, performing Tawaf (Circumambulation) around it, walking between Safa and Marwah seven times. A performer of `Umrah puts off his Ihram by having his hair shaved or cut.

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